Description
Women of the Republic views the American Revolution through women’s eyes. Previous histories have rarely recognized that the battle for independence was once also a woman’s war. The “women of the army” toiled in army hospitals, kitchens, and laundries. Civilian women were spies, fund raisers, innkeepers, suppliers of food and clothing. Recruiters, whether patriot or tory, found men more willing to enroll in the army when their wives and daughters may well be counted on to keep the farms in operation and to withstand enchroachment from squatters. “I have Don as much to Carrey on the warr as maney that Sett Now on the healm of government,” wrote one impoverished woman, and she was once right.
Women of the Republic is the results of a seven-year seek for women’s diaries, letters, and legal records. Achieving a remarkable comprehensiveness, it describes women’s participation in the war, evaluates changes in their education in the late eighteenth century, describes the novels and histories women read and wrote, and analyzes their status in law and society. The rhetoric of the Revolution, full of insistence on rights and freedom in opposition to dictatorial masters, posed questions about the position of women in marriage in addition to in the polity, but few of the implications of this rhetoric were recognized. How much liberty and equality for women? How much pursuit of happiness? How much justice?
When American political theory failed to define a program for the participation of women in the public arena, women themselves had to develop an ideology of female patriotism. They promoted the notion that women could guarantee the continuing health of the republic by nurturing public-spirited sons and husbands. This limited ideology of “Republican Motherhood” is a measure of the political and social conservatism of the Revolution. The subsequent history of women in The united states is the story of women’s efforts to accomplish for themselves what the Revolution did not.