Sagwitch: Shoshone Chieftan, Mormon Elder 1822-1887

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Description

The Northwestern Shoshone knew as home the northern Great Salt Lake, Bear River, Cache, and Bear Lake valleys-northern Utah. Sagwitch used to be born at a time when his people traded with the mountain men. In the late 1850s, wagons brought Mormon farmers to settle in Cache Valley, the Northwestern Shoshone heartland. Emigrants and settlers reduced Shoshone access to traditional village sites and food resources. Relationships with the Mormons were mostly good but regularly strained, and the Shoshone remedy of migrants, who now traveled north and south in addition to west and east through the area, used to be more and more opportunistic. It only took a couple of violent incidents for a zealous army colonel to are seeking severe punishment of the Northwestern Shoshone on a winter morning in 1863. The Bear River Massacre used to be a number of the bloodiest engagements of The united states’s Indian wars. Hundreds of Shoshone, including Sagwitch’s wife and two sons, died; he used to be wounded but escaped. The band used to be shattered; other chiefs dead. The following years were very hard for the survivors. The federal government negotiated a treaty with them but failed to get Sagwitch’s signature when, enroute to the sessions, he used to be arrested and then wounded by a white assassin. With the world around him changed, Sagwitch sought accommodation with the most immediate threat to his people’s traditional way of survival-the Mormons occupying the Shoshone’s valleys. This, then, is also the story of the conversion of Sagwitch and his band to the Mormon Church. Though not without problems, that conversion used to be long lasting and thorough. Sagwitch and other Shoshone would demonstrate in important ways their new religious devotion. With the assistance of Mormon leaders, they established the Washakie community in northern Utah. Though efforts to protected a land base had an uneven history, they partly succeeded, and the story of these Shoshone’s attempts at rural farming diverged significantly from what happened on government reservations. When Sagwitch died, his death went almost unnoticed outside of Washakie, but his children and grandchildren continued to be important voices among a people who, after experiencing near annihilation, survived in the new world into which Sagwitch led them.

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