Under the Guardianship of the Nation: The Freedmen’s Bureau and the Reconstruction of Georgia, 1865-1870 (Freemen’s Bureau and the Reconstruction of Georgia, 1865-187)

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Description

The Freedmen’s Bureau used to be an odd agency established by Congress in 1865, born of the expansion of federal power throughout the Civil War and the Union’s desire to offer protection to and provide for the South’s emancipated slaves. Charged with the mandate to change the southern racial “status quo” in education, civil rights, and labor, the Bureau used to be ready to play a the most important role in the implementation of Reconstruction policy.

The ineffectiveness of the Bureau in Georgia and other southern states has incessantly been blamed on the racism of its northern administrators, but Paul A. Cimbala finds the explanation to be a lot more complex. In this remarkably balanced account, he blames the failure on a combination of the Bureau’s northern free-labor ideology, limited resources, and temporary nature―in addition to deeply rooted white southern hostility toward change. As a result of these factors, the Bureau in practice left freedpeople and ex-masters to create their own new social, political, and economic arrangements.

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