Eating Landscape: Aztec and European Occupation of Tlalocan (Mesoamerican Worlds)

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Description

How do people meaningfully occupy the land? In sixteenth-century Mexico, Aztec and Spanish understandings of land formed the basis of their cultural identities. Their distinctive conceptions of land also established the traumatic character of cultural contact.

As Philip P. Arnold maintains in Eating Landscape, central to Aztec meanings of land were ceremonies to Tlaloc, god of rain, fertility, and earth. These ceremonies included child sacrifices for rain and corn, priestly auto-sacrifices at lakes, mountain veneration, and ancestor worship. What unifies these ceremonies, contends Arnold, is the Aztec understanding of food. By feeding deities of the land, human beings could eat. Seeing the valley of Mexico as Tlalocan (the place of Tlaloc) and characterizing it as an “eating landscape” illustrates an Aztec mode of occupying land.

At the similar time, Arnold demonstrates that the very texts that open a window on Tlaloc ceremonies were created by Spanish missionaries. Particularly essential used to be Sahagn’s Florentine Codex, which–as used to be the case with the work of other ethnographers–used to be intended to destroy Aztec ceremonies by exposing them through writing. The use of texts to reveal a pre-Columbian past, subsequently, is problematic. Arnold subsequently suggests an alternative reading of the texts on the subject of the material environment of the Valley of Mexico.

By connecting ceremonies to specific water courses, mountains, plants, and animals, Arnold reveals a more encompassing picture of Aztec ceremonies, revealing the gap between indigenous and colonial understandings of land. Indigenous strategies of occupying land in Mexico excited by ceremonies which addressed the material conditions of life, at the same time as colonial strategies of occupying land centered around books and other written materials such as Biblical and classical texts, ethnographies, and legal documents. These distinctive ways of occupying Tlalocan, concludes Arnold, had dramatic consequences for the formation of the Americas.

Filling a gap within the coverage of Aztec cosmology, Eating Landscape brings hermeneutics to archaeology and linguistic analysis in new ways that allows you to be of interest to historians of religion and archaeologists alike.

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