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Toronto, the Belfast of Canada: The Orange Order and the Shaping of Municipal Culture

Amazon.com Price:  $61.45 (as of 19/04/2019 05:37 PST- Details)

Description

In overdue nineteenth-century Toronto, municipal politics were so dominated by the Irish Protestants of the Orange Order that the town was once referred to as the “Belfast of Canada.” For nearly a century, virtually each and every mayor of Toronto was once an Orangeman and the anniversary of the Battle of the Boyne was once a civic holiday. Toronto, the Belfast of Canada explores the intolerant origins of lately’s cosmopolitan city.

Using lodge membership lists, census data, and municipal records, William J. Smyth main points the Orange Order’s role in creating Toronto’s municipal culture of militant Protestantism, loyalism, and monarchism. Considered one of Canada’s foremost experts at the Orange Order, Smyth analyses the Orange Order’s influence between 1850 and 1950, the town’s frequent public displays of sectarian tensions, and its occasional bouts of rioting and mayhem.

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