When They Blew the Levee: Race, Politics, and Community in Pinhook, Missouri

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Description

In 2011, the Midwest suffered devastating floods. As a result of the flooding, the USA Army Corps of Engineers activated the Birds Point-New Madrid Floodway, one of the most flood prevention mechanisms of the Mississippi Rivers and Tributaries Project. This levee breach was once intended to divert water with the intention to save the town of Cairo, Illinois, but in the process, it completely destroyed the small African American town of Pinhook, Missouri.

In When They Blew the Levee: Race, Politics, and Community in Pinhook, Missouri, authors David Todd Lawrence and Elaine J. Lawless examine two conflicting narratives about the flood–one promoted by the Corps of Engineers that boasts the success of the levee breach and the flood diversion, and the other gleaned from displaced Pinhook residents, who, in oral narratives, tell a different story of neglect and indifference on the a part of government officials. Receiving inadequate warning and no evacuation assistance all the way through the breach, residents lost everything. Still after more than six years, displaced Pinhook residents have yet to receive restitution and funding for relocation and reconstruction of their town. The authors’ research traces a long history of discrimination and neglect of the rights of the Pinhook community, beginning with their migration from the Deep South to southeast Missouri, through purchasing and farming the land, and up to the Birds Point levee breach nearly eighty years later. The residents’ stories relate what it has been like to be dispersed in other small towns, living with relatives and friends whilst trying to negotiate the bureaucracy surrounding Federal Emergency Management Agency and State Emergency Management Agency assistance programs.

Ultimately, the stories of displaced citizens of Pinhook reveal a strong African American community, whose bonds were developed through the years and through shared traditions, a community persisting in spite of extremely difficult circumstances.

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